 |
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
 |
|||||||||||||
| Service | Dokumente | Katholische Kirche | Ökumenische Konzile (aus Sicht der katholischen Kirche) |
|
ÖKUMENISCHE KONZILE (AUS SICHT DER KATHOLISCHEN KIRCHE) Dokumente PRO ORIENTE Syriac Consultations [7 Einträge] Altorientalen-Konsultationen [20 Einträge] Friedensinitiativen [5 Einträge] Andere PO Dokumente [3 Einträge] Ökumene [17 Einträge] Katholische Kirche Ökumenische Konzile [20 Einträge] Zweites Vatikanisches Konzil [8 Einträge] Heiliger Vater [14 Einträge] Römische Kurie [4 Einträge] Orthodoxe Kirche [25 Einträge] Orientalische Kirchen [35 Einträge] Interreligiöser Dialog [5 Einträge] Weitere Dokumente
Veröffentlicht am: 1431-45 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Martin V Basel had been designated as the place for this ecumenical council by the abortive council of Pavia -- Siena (1423-1424). It was opened on 25 July 1431 by the papal legate, who had been appointed by Pope Martin V in two bulls dated 1 February 1431, Dum onus universalis gregis and Nuper siquidem cupientes shortly before the pope's death on 20 February 1431. A great part of the council's work in the early years was taken up with its quarrel with Pope Eugenius IV, who was accused of wishing to dissolve or transfer the council. The prospect of re-union with the eastern church provided an opportunity to transfer the council to another city. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum17.htm Council of Chalcedon Veröffentlicht am: 451 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Emperor Marcian It was the emperor Marcian who, after the "robber" council of Ephesus (449), commanded this council to meet. Pope Leo I was opposed to it. His view was that all the bishops should repent of their ways and individually sign his earlier dogmatic letter to Flavian, patriarch of Constantinople, and so avoid a new round of argument and debate. Moreover, the provinces of the West were being laid waste by Attila's invasions. But before the pope's view became known, the emperor Marcian had, by an edict of 17 May 451, convoked the council for 1 September 451. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum04.htm Council of Constance Veröffentlicht am: 1414-18 Veröffentlicht durch: Pope John XXIII This council was summoned by John XXIII, the Pisan pope, with the support of Emperor Sigismund. It began on 5 November 1414 in the cathedral of Constance, with many bishops from all parts of Europe. Business in the council was transacted in a way that was largely new for an ecumenical council, namely votes were cast not by Individual persons but by nations. The council, from the very beginning, proposed the following three topics: 1. To bring unity back to the church and to make an end to the schism which had divided the church since 1378, 2. To eradicate heresies, 3. To reform the corrupt morals of the church. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum16.htm Council of Ephesus Veröffentlicht am: 431 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Thedosius II Nestorius, who had been condemned in a council at Rome on 11 August 430, asked the emperor Theodosius II to summon this council. The emperor therefore decided to summon it together with his co-emperor Valentinian III and with the agreement of Pope Celestine I. Theodosius's letter of 19 November 430 requested all those who had been summoned to be present at Ephesus on 7 June 431, the feast of Pentecost. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum03.htm Council of Trent Veröffentlicht am: 1545-1563 Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Paul III The Council of Trent is of more immediate use for the present times; as the errors of the Innovators of the sixteenth century are there condemned, and the Catholic doctrine is there also stated, on the chief points which still unfortunately separate so many from our communion; and also because the decrees of discipline and reformation, published by that Council, embody the leading principles of Canon Law, by which the government and polity of the Church are, in a great measure, now regulated. http://history.hanover.edu/early/trent.html Council of Vienne Veröffentlicht am: 1311-1312 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Clement V The general council of Vienne was summoned by pope Clement V with the bull Regnans in caelis, which he had written on 12 August 1308 at Poitiers (the Roman pontiff had remained in France from the year of his election, thus beginning the period of the church's history known as the Avignon captivity). The pope was subject to forceful pressure from the European states, particularly from France. Philip IV of France, the king who had opposed Boniface VIII so bitterly, had so much power over Clement V that he seems to have been able to change the whole state of ecclesiastical affairs at will. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum15.htm Fifth Lateran Council Veröffentlicht am: 1512-17 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Julius II This council was summoned by pope Julius II by the bull Sacrosanctae Romanae Ecclesiae, issued at Rome on 18 July 1511, after several schismatic cardinals, officially supported by Louis XII, king of France, had assembled a quasi-council at Pisa. Twice postponed, the council held its first session in full solemnity at Rome in the Lateran residence on 10 May 1512, at which session an elaborate address on the evils of the church was made by Giles of Viterbo, general of the order of Augustinian hermits. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum18.htm First Council of Constantinople Veröffentlicht am: 381 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Gratian and Theodosius I In the year 380 the emperors Gratian and Theodosius I decided to convoke this council to counter the Arians, and also to judge the case of Maximus the Cynic, bishop of Constantinople. The council met in May of the following year. One hundred and fifty bishops took part, all of them eastern Orthodox, since the Pneumatomachi party had left at the start. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum02.htm First Council of Lyons Veröffentlicht am: 1245 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Innocent IV When the council opened on 26 June 1245, in a meeting which was probably only preparatory, there were present three patriarchs and about 150 bishops besides other religious and secular persons, among whom was the Latin emperor of Constantinople. Emperor Frederick II sent a legation headed by Thaddaeus of Suessa. Many bishops and prelates were unable to attend the council because they had been prevented by the invasions of the Tartars in the east or the attacks of the Saracens in the holy Land, or because Frederick II had intimidated them (especially the Sicilians and Germans). http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum13.htm First Council of Nicaea Veröffentlicht am: 325 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Eustathius of Antioch or Alexander of Alexandria This council opened on 19 June in the presence of the emperor, but it is uncertain who presided over the sessions. In the extant lists of bishops present, Ossius of Cordova, and the presbyters Vitus and Vincentius are listed before the other names, but it is more likely that Eustathius of Antioch or Alexander of Alexandria presided. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum01.htm First Lateran Council Veröffentlicht am: 1123 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Callistus II In 1123, during the pontificate of Pope Callistus II, a general Roman council was held "for various important matters of the church", as Callistus himself says in the letter of convocation which he sent on 25 June 1122 to bishop Baldric of Doll. A great number of bishops, abbots and religious, numbering at least 300, gathered in Rome from the western churches, although none that we know of came from the eastern churches. There is no evidence that legates of the emperor Henry V took part. The council began on 18 March 1123, with the pope presiding. There were at least two sessions. The council ended before 6 April, probably on 27 March. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum09.htm First Vatican Council Veröffentlicht am: 1869-1870 Veröffentlicht durch: Vatican, Pope Pius IX This council was summoned by Pope Pius IX by the bull Aeterni Patris of 29 June 1868. The first session was held in St Peter's basilica on 8 December 1869 in the presence and under the presidency of the pope. The purpose of the council was, besides the condemnation of contemporary errors, to define the catholic doctrine concerning the church of Christ. In fact, in the three following sessions, there was discussion and approval of only two constitutions: Dogmatic Constitution On The Catholic Faith and First Dogmatic Constitution on the church of Christ, the latter dealing with the primacy and infallibility of the bishop of Rome. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum20.htm Fourth Council of Constantinople Veröffentlicht am: 869-870 Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Nicholas I This council, designated as the eighth ecumenical council by western canonists, is not found in any canonical collections of the Byzantines; its acts and canons are completely ignored by them. Modern scholars have shown that it was included in the list of ecumenical councils only later, that is, after the eleventh century. We have decided to include the council, for the sake of historical completeness. Emperor Basil I and the patriarch Ignatius, after being restored to his see of Constantinople, asked Pope Nicholas I to call a council to decide about the bishops and priests who had been ordained by Photius. It was held at Constantinople after the arrival of legates from Pope Hadrian II, who had meanwhile succeeded Nicholas. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum08.htm Fourth Lateran Council Veröffentlicht am: 1215 Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Innocent III During the pontificate of Innocent III (1198-1216) there appears to have occurred much growth in the reform of the church and in its freedom from subservience to the empire as well as in the primacy of the bishop of Rome and in the summoning of ecclesiastical business to the Roman curia. Innocent himself, turning his whole mind to the things of God, strove to build up the christian community. Spiritual things, and therefore the church, were to have first place in this endeavour; so that human affairs were to be dependent upon, and to draw their justification from, such considerations. The council may therefore be regarded as a great summary of the pontiff's work and also as his greatest initiative. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum12.htm Second Council of Constantinople Veröffentlicht am: 553 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Emperor Justinian and Pope Vigilius The emperor Justinian and Pope Vigilius decided to summon this council after the latter withdrew his "Judgment" condemning the "Three Chapters" of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret and Ibas. This "Judgment" had been issued on 11 April 548 but the bishops of the west and especially of Africa unanimously opposed it. The council was summoned by Justinian to Constantinople, although Vigilius would have preferred to convene it in Sicily or Italy so that western bishops might be present. It assembled on 5 May 553 in the great hall attached to Hagia Sophia cathedral. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum05.htm Second Council of Lyons Veröffentlicht am: 1274 Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Gregory X Gregory X, therefore, when he convoked the general council on 31 March 1272, outlined three themes: union with the Greeks, the crusade, and the reform of the church. Regarding the third theme, which was not only traditional in medieval councils but was also required by the actual state of ecclesiastical morals, the pope in March 1273 sought the opinion of all christian people and asked for their help. Some reports sent to him for this purpose are still extant. After long preparatory arrangements the council assembled at Lyons and opened on 7 May 1274. Probably there were present about 300 bishops, 60 abbots and a large number of other clergy, many of whom apparently were theologians. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum14.htm Second Council of Nicaea Veröffentlicht am: 787 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Hadrian I A recommendation to summon an ecumenical council, in order to correct the iconoclast heretics, had been addressed to Empress Irene, then acting as regent for her son Emperor Constantine VI (780-797) who was still a minor, both by Patriarch Paul IV of Constantinople (who had repented of his earlier iconoclast views) before his abdication from the see in 784 and by his successor as patriarch, Tarasius. The aim was to unite the church and to condemn the decrees passed by the council of 338 bishops held at Hiereia and St Mary of Blachernae in 754. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum07.htm Second Lateran Council Veröffentlicht am: 1139 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Innocent II In Lent of 1139 a general council was summoned by Pope Innocent II and held in the Lateran basilica. As we know, the synod had been convoked the previous year; for the papal legates in England and Spain pressed the bishops and abbots to go to the council. Thus, a good number of fathers, at least five hundred, met in Rome. One of these came from the East, the patriarch of Antioch, but he was a Latin. With the pope presiding the council began on 2 April and it seems to have ended before 17 April, as far as we can judge from the sources. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum10.htm Third Council of Constantinople Veröffentlicht am: 680-681 A. D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Agatho To make an end of the Monothelite controversy, Emperor Constantine IV asked Pope Donus in 678 to send twelve bishops and four western Greek monastic superiors to represent the pope at an assembly of eastern and western theologians. Pope Agatho, who meanwhile had succeeded Donus, ordered consultation in the west on this important matter. Around Easter 680 a synod in Rome of 125 Italian bishops, with Pope Agatho presiding, assessed the replies of the regional synods of the west and composed a profession of faith in which Monothelitism was condemned. Legates of the pope took this profession to Constantinople, arriving at the beginning of September 680. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum06.htm Third Lateran Council Veröffentlicht am: 1179 A.D. Veröffentlicht durch: Pope Alexander The particular object of this council was to put an end to the schism within the church and the quarrel between the emperor and the papacy. It was summoned by Pope Alexander in 1178, "so that according to the custom of the ancient fathers, the good should be sought and confirmed by many, and that with the cooperation of the grace of the holy Spirit, by the efforts of all, there should be carried out what was required for the correction of abuses and the establishment of what was pleasing to God". The council was held at Rome in March 1179. About three hundred fathers assembled from the provinces of Europe and some from the Latin east, and a single legate from the Greek church. http://www.piar.hu/councils/ecum11.htm
|
||||||
| top |